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Question

State the major functions of the following:
(a) Plasma membrane (b) Ribosome
(c) Lysosome (d) Mitochondria
(e) Golgi apparatus (f) Cytoplasm
(g) Asters of centrosome (h) Chromosomes
(i) Glycogen granule (j) Vacuoles

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Solution

The functions of the given are :
(a) Plasma membrane
  • It separates the content of the cell from its surroundings.
  • It regulates the entry of certain solids and ions into the cell.
  • It maintains the shape of the cell that is the animal cell.
(b) Ribosome
  • Its main function is Protein synthesis.
(c) Lysosome
  • Intracellular digestion and Destroy foreign substances.
  • When a cell is old or injured this rapidly destroy organelles hence called suicide bags.
(e) Golgi apparatus
  • Synthesis and secretion of enzymes, hormones and etc.
  • The formation of acrosome of sperm.
(d) Mitochondria
  • Release of energy form pyruvic acid produced in the cytoplasm in the form of ATP and helps in the Synthesis of respiratory enzymes.
(f) Cytoplasm
  • Different organelle is contained in it perform different functions.
  • All metabolic activities occur in it.
  • Medium of earlier steps of respiration
(g) Asters of centrosome
  • Present in an animal cell and helps during the process of mitosis.
(h) Chromosomes
  • Chromosomes carry hereditary information or genes.
(i) Glycogen granule
  • Starch glycogen and fat containing granules serve as food for the cell.
(j) Vacuoles
  • Storage of water and other substances, food pigments and waste products.
  • Give turgidity to the plant cell by pressing against a cell wall.

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