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Question

State the method of preparation of ethanol.


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Solution

A chemical reaction in which a water molecule breaks one or more chemical bonds is known as Hydrolysis.

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is prepared by Hydrolysis of Ethene (C2H4).

Ethyl hydrogen sulphate (C2H5HSO4) is produced when concentrated Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is added to Ethene (C2H4) at a temperature of 80°C and a pressure of 30atm.

C2H4(g)Ethene+H2SO4(aq)sulphuricacid30atm80°CC2H5HSO4(aq)Ethylhydrogensulphate

Hydrolysis of Ethyl hydrogen sulphate (C2H5HSO4) with boiling Water (H2O) yields Ethanol (C2H5OH).

C2H5HSO4(aq)Ethylhydrogensulphate+H2O(l)waterC2H5OH(g)Ethanol+H2SO4(aq)Sulphuricacid

Hence, the method of preparation of ethanol is hydrolysis of ethene.


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