Question

State the underlying principle of a transformer. How is the large scale transmission of electric energy over long distances done with the use of transformers?

Answer 1

Principle of transformer : A transformer is based on the principle of mutual induction that is whenever the amount of magnetic flux linked with a coil changes, an emf is induced in the neighbouring coil.

Transformer are devices used in electrical circuits to change the voltage of electricity flowing in the circuit. Transformer can be used either to increase the voltage (called "stepping up") or decrease the voltage ("step down").

Electric power is transmitted over long distances at high voltage. So, step up transformers are used at power stations to increase the voltage of power whereas a series step-down transformers are used to decrease the voltage upto 220 V.