State the valencies of the following elements: Magnesium and Sodium.

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Solution

Valency of sodium is 1
Sodium has atomic number of 11. This means there are 11 proton in the nucleus. The first energy level can hold 8. Therefore the third energy level has 1 electron which is the valance electron.
Valency of magnesium is 2
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. Following the logic used IN the previous example, there would be 2 valance electrons in the third energy level.

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