Question

State your observation when a glass rod dipped in Ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of the concentrated Hydrochloric acid bottle.

Answer 1

• When Ammonium hydroxide is brought near the mouth of the concentrated Hydrochloric acid then, it produces dense white fumes of Ammonium chloride.
• The reaction is shown below.
  $$\begin{gathered} \mathbf{}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{NH}}_{\mathbf{4}}\mathbf{OH}\mathbf{}\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{aq}\mathbf{\right)}\mathbf{}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{}\mathbf{HCl}\mathbf{}\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{g}\mathbf{\right)}\mathbf{}\mathbf{\to }\mathbf{}{\mathbf{NH}}_{\mathbf{4}}\mathbf{Cl}\mathbf{}\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{g}\mathbf{\right)}\mathbf{}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{O}\mathbf{}\mathbf{\left(}\mathbf{l}\mathbf{\right)} \\ \mathbf{Ammonium}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Hydrochloric}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{Ammonium}\mathbf{} \\ \mathbf{}\mathbf{hydroxide}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{acid}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{}\mathbf{chloride} \end{gathered}$$
• In this reaction, the white fumes that are produced are of Ammonium chloride. Over time, the white fumes condense to form a solid white mass.