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Question

State your observations when following salts are heated strongly in dry state. Write chemical equations in support of your answer.

Ammonium dichromate [(NH4)2Cr2O7]


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Solution

Dry heat test: A sample of the substance is taken in a test tube and heated first gently, then strongly in a flame, and observations are recorded. It is a method of qualitative analysis.

  • Qualitative analysis: The analysis which aims at detecting the presence of any substance in a given sample.

Observations:

On heating orange crystals of Ammonium dichromate [(NH4)2Cr2O7], following observations are recorded:

  • A colourless and odourless gas is evolved on heating Ammonium dichromate. The gas has no effect on litmus indicating its neutral nature.
  • The gas evolved does not turn lime water milky.
  • Apart from this, it does not rekindles a glowing wooden splinter.
  • On heating strongly, decomposition occurs alongside a flash of light and large amount of heat indicating the exothermic nature of the reaction.
  • Green residue is left behind in the test-tube.

Exothermic reaction: The reaction in which heat and light are accompanied by a chemical reaction.

  • Example: Slaking of lime is an exothermic reaction
  • CaO(s)(Calciumoxide)+H2O(l)(Water)Ca(OH)2(aq)(Calciumhydroxide)+Heat

Chemical equation:

Iodine shows the process of sublimation on heating as shown below:

(NH4)2Cr2O7(s)(Ammoniumdichromate)Cr2O3(g)(Chromicoxide)+4H2O(g)(Water)+N2(g)(Nitrogen)

  • Ammonium dichromate is orange coloured.
  • Colourless and odourless gas is Nitrogen.
  • Green residue is Chromic oxide.

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