State your observations when:
(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution and the mixture is heated.
(ii) Barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution.
(iii) Concentrated sulphuric acid is added to sugar crystals.
(iv) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate.
(v) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate.

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Solution

(i) When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution, white precipitate of lead chloride appears.
$P b (N O_{3})_{2} + H C l \to P b C l_{2} + 2 H N O_{3}$

(ii) When barium chloride reacts with sodium sulphate solution, white precipitate of barium sulphate is obtained.
$B a C l_{2} + N a_{2} S O_{4} \to B a S O_{4} + 2 N a C l$

(iii) When conc. sulphuric acid is added to sugar crystals, sugar charcoal is formed. Sugar charcoal is a black spongy mass. Conc. sulphuric acid is a super dehydrating agent and it sucks up all the water from the sugar.
$C_{12} H_{22} O_{11} + H_{2} S O_{4} \to 12 C + 11 H_{2} O$

(iv) When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to copper carbonate, carbon dioxide is evolved.
$C u C O_{3} + H C l \to C u C l_{2} + H_{2} O + C O_{2}$

(v) When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate, sulphur dioxide gas is released.
$N a_{2} S_{2} O_{3} + 2 H C l \to 2 N a C l + S O_{2} + H_{2} O + S$

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What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to lead nitrate solution?

What do you observe when

(a) dilute sulphuric acid is added to granulated zinc ?

(b) a few pieces of iron are dropped in a blute solution of sodium chloride ?

(d) ferrous sulphate solution is added to an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

(e) solid lead nitrate is heated ?

(f) when dilute sulphuric acid is added to barium chloride solution ?

Q. (a) Write balanced equations for the following: [3 MARKS]
(i) Zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
(ii) Calcium bicarbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
(b) State what is observed when hydrochloric acid is added to silver nitrate solution.

Q. The questions (i) to (v) refer to the following salt solutions listed (a) to (f):
(a) Copper nitrate
(b) Iron (II) sulphate
(c) Iron (III) chloride
(d) Lead nitrate
(e) Magnesium sulphate
(f) Zinc chloride

(i) Which two solutions will give a white precipitate when treated with dilute hydrochloric acid followed by barium chloride solution?
(ii) Which two solution will give a white precipitate when treated with dilute nitric acid followed by silver nitrate solution?
(iii) Which solution will give a white precipitate when either dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid is added to it?
(iv) Which solution becomes a deep/inky blue colour when excess of ammonium hydroxide is added to it?
(v) Which solution gives a white precipitate with excess ammonium hydroxide solution?

(a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
(b) State what is observed when hydrochloric acid is added to silver nitrate solution.

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