Strong field ligands, such as CN− usually produce low spin complexes and large crystal field splitting.
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Strong field ligands, such as CN−, usually produce low spin complexes and large crystal field splitting.
The spectrochemical series is an empirically derived list of ligands ordered by the size of the splitting Δ that they produce. It can be seen that the low-field ligands are all π-donors (such as I−), the high field ligands are π-acceptors (such as CN− and CO) and ligands such as H2O and NH3, which are neither are in the middle.