Question

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow :

(a) Name the region in the kidney where the above structure is present?

(b) Name the parts labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4.

(c) Name the stages involved in the formation of urine.

(d) What is the technical term given to the process occurring in 2 and 3? Briefly describe the process.

Answer 1

a. The structure is a Bowman’s capsule, which is part of the nephron. The Bowman’s capsule is found in the cortex of the kidney.

b.

1. Afferent arteriole
2. Glomerulus
3. Bowman’s capsule
4. Efferent arteriole

c. Urine formation occurs in two steps – ultrafiltration and reabsorption.

d. The process occurring in 2 and 3 is known as ultrafiltration.
In the glomerulus, the blood flows under high pressure because of the narrow lumen of the capillary network of the glomerulus. This forces most of the components (both waste and useable materials) of the blood out of the capillaries. This process of the filtration of blood under high pressure in the Bowman’s capsule is known as ultrafiltration.