Substances used in two different projects done by the members of a science club are given in the table.
Project - 1 Project - 2
Ethanoic acid Coconut oil
Ethanol Sodium hydroxide
Concentrated sulphuric acid Water
Water
(a) In which project (Project 1 or Project 2) a compound with pleasant fruity smell is formed?
(b) How will you distinguish between distilled water and hard water by using the precipitate formed in Project 2?

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Solution

(a) In Project 1, the reaction of ethanoic acid and ethanol in the presence of conc. sulphuric acid produces an ester which has a pleasant fruity smell.
(b) If the precipitate formed in the project 2 gives good lather in a water sample, that sample will be distilled water. The water sample that doesn't give lather with project 2, will be hard water.

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Project - 1	Project - 2
Ethanoic acid	Coconut oil
Ethanol	Sodium hydroxide
Concentrated sulphuric acid	Water
Water