Suggest a suitable method of separation for the following
(a) Mercury and water
(b) Ethyl alcohol and water
(c) Coloured dyes from blue ink
Suggest a suitable method of separation for the following
(a) Mercury and water
(b) Ethyl alcohol and water
(c) Coloured dyes from blue ink
Different separation techniques are present depending upon the substances to be separated
By analyzing the substances present in the mixture we can take different methods
(a) Mercury and water are immiscible liquids, which do not mix
- It forms a different layer, so we can take a separating funnel to separate the layers
- Due to the density difference, they will be forming layers
- Mercury is having higher density will be forming the lower layer and water will be forming the upper layer
- When the stopper is opened, the lower layer can be collected in a beaker, and water (upper layer) will remain within the funnel and then separated
To separate mercury and water, we can use a separating funnel
(b) Ethyl alcohol and water are miscible liquids and having boiling points means the boiling point difference is less than
- To separate ethyl alcohol and water we can use fractional distillation
- When the mixture is heated, the vapors of alcohol and water come in contact with the fractionating column (glass beads), water having the highest boiling point will condense and fall into the distillation flask whereas vapors of alcohol rise and pass through the column and condense, collected in the receiver
To separate ethyl alcohol and water, fractional distillation can be used
(c) Coloured dyes from ink separated using paper chromatography
- When the sample dissolved in solvent (mobile phase) passes through the stationary phase (paper) colors will separate out
- Initially, we can take a chromatographic paper 20 cm long and 5 cm wide
- Make a baseline by drawing a line with a pencil by leaving a 4cm gap from the end
- Put a drop of black ink on the middle of the baseline
- When solvent rises through the paper, colors blue, red and yellow separate into different heights depending upon the solubility of colors on solvent and the tendency to adhere to paper
To separate colored dyes from ink, paper chromatography can be used
Different separation techniques are present depending upon the substances to be separated
By analyzing the substances present in the mixture we can take different methods
(a) Mercury and water are immiscible liquids, which do not mix
- It forms a different layer, so we can take a separating funnel to separate the layers
- Due to the density difference, they will be forming layers
- Mercury is having higher density will be forming the lower layer and water will be forming the upper layer
- When the stopper is opened, the lower layer can be collected in a beaker, and water (upper layer) will remain within the funnel and then separated
To separate mercury and water, we can use a separating funnel
(b) Ethyl alcohol and water are miscible liquids and having boiling points means the boiling point difference is less than
- To separate ethyl alcohol and water we can use fractional distillation
- When the mixture is heated, the vapors of alcohol and water come in contact with the fractionating column (glass beads), water having the highest boiling point will condense and fall into the distillation flask whereas vapors of alcohol rise and pass through the column and condense, collected in the receiver
To separate ethyl alcohol and water, fractional distillation can be used
(c) Coloured dyes from ink separated using paper chromatography
- When the sample dissolved in solvent (mobile phase) passes through the stationary phase (paper) colors will separate out
- Initially, we can take a chromatographic paper 20 cm long and 5 cm wide
- Make a baseline by drawing a line with a pencil by leaving a 4cm gap from the end
- Put a drop of black ink on the middle of the baseline
- When solvent rises through the paper, colors blue, red and yellow separate into different heights depending upon the solubility of colors on solvent and the tendency to adhere to paper
To separate colored dyes from ink, paper chromatography can be used
