Question

suggest techniques used to separate liquids

Answer 1

Centrifugation: In the method of centrifugation, the centripetal and centrifugal forces are used to separate lighter and heavier components of mixture of two immiscible liquids.

Decantation: Decantation is used to separate the components from a mixture of two immiscible liquids, such as mixture of oil and water. In a mixture of two immiscible liquids, lighter one and heavier one form separate layer. The lighter one can be decanted after settling of mixture, carefully in other container.

Chromatography: Chromatography is a method of separation which works on the principle of travel speed of components of a mixture. This method is used for separating dyes and pigments from a mixture.

Distillation : The process of distillation is used to separate two miscible liquids. The technique of distillation is based on the difference in boiling points of components of mixture of miscible liquids. Distillation is to separate the liquids which do not decompose even upto their boiling points and should boil at more than 250C.

Fractional Distillation :Fractional distillation is the process of separation of components of mixture into parts or fraction on the basis of fractional differences in their boiling points.Fractional distillation is done when the difference in boiling points of the components of miscible liquids is less than 250C. In the process of fractional distillation, a fractional column is used along with retort or distillation flask.