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Question

Summarize the rules for writing of distribution of electrons in various shells for the first eighteen elements.

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Solution

The rules for writing of the distribution of electrons in various shells for the first eighteen elements are given below.

(i) The maximum number of electrons that a shell can accommodate is given by the formula ‘2n2’, where ‘n’ is the orbit number or energy level index (n = 1, 2, 3…).

The maximum number of electrons present in an orbit of n = 1 is given by 2n2 = 2×12 = 2

Similarly, for second orbit, it is 2n2 = 2×22 = 8

For third orbit, it is 2n2 = 2×32 = 18

And so on……

(ii) The outermost orbit can be accommodated by a maximum number of 8 electrons.

(iii) Shells are filled with electrons in a stepwise manner i.e., the outer shell is not occupied with electrons unless the inner shells are completely filled with electrons.


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