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Question
Taking examples under each category, discuss upstream and downstream processing.
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Solution
Definition of upstream processing:
The upstream processing refers to all the processes involved from the isolation of DNA, cloning and culturing of the cells to obtain the desired product.
Example for upstream processing :
To make a fermented product the following steps are used in upstream processing:
- Screening of microorganisms.
- Genetic engineering in the lab for obtaining the good strain with desired qualities.
- Scaling up the process in a pilot plant (bioreactor).
- Preparation of media.
- Fermentation process.
- Proper control of the fermentation process.
Definition of Downstream processing:
Downstream processing involves the steps involved after the biosynthetic stage, which involves the purification of the desired product, its packaging and marketing.
Example for Downstream processing:
Production of alcohol in bioreactors involves the following downstream processing steps:
- Purification of alcohol
- Checking the quality of the product
- Marketing the product
The upstream processing refers to all the processes involved from the isolation of DNA, cloning and culturing of the cells to obtain the desired product.
Example for upstream processing :
To make a fermented product the following steps are used in upstream processing:
- Screening of microorganisms.
- Genetic engineering in the lab for obtaining the good strain with desired qualities.
- Scaling up the process in a pilot plant (bioreactor).
- Preparation of media.
- Fermentation process.
- Proper control of the fermentation process.
Downstream processing involves the steps involved after the biosynthetic stage, which involves the purification of the desired product, its packaging and marketing.
Example for Downstream processing:
Production of alcohol in bioreactors involves the following downstream processing steps:
- Purification of alcohol
- Checking the quality of the product
- Marketing the product
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