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The two types of neuron processes are called dendrites and axons. Dendrites are short processes and have a large surface area for receiving signals from other neurons and pass it to the cell body. Functionally, the axon is the conducting region of the neuron and is responsible for generating and transmitting impulses typically away from the cell body. A single axon routes the nerve impulse from the cell body to another neuron or an effector organ. The axon can have many terminal branches.