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Nucleus: Common Terms

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The activity of two radioactive nuclei Q and R is plotted on a semi-log graph

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Q. The activity of two radioactive nuclei Q and R is plotted on a semi-log graph. The half-life and decay constant of Q and R are (

τ_{Q}, λ_{Q}

τ_{R}, λ_{R}

) respectively. The plot implies that (the symbol "

\approx

" means "approximately equal to")

Q. A radioactive sample has

8.0 \times 10^{18}

active nuclei at a certain instant. How many of these nuclei will still be in the active state after two half-lives (in

\times 10^{18})

?

Q. A radioactive substance has

6.0

\times 10^{18}

active nuclei initially. The time that should be required for the active nuclei of the same substance to become

1.0 \times 10

^{18}

is (if its half life is

40 s

_{10}

6 = 0.7781

Q. To determine the half life of a radioactive element a student plots a graph of

l n ∣ ∣ ∣ \frac{d N (t)}{d t} ∣ ∣ ∣

t

\frac{d N (t)}{d t}

is the rate of radio active decay at time

t

. If the number of radio active nuclei of this element decreases by a factor of

p

4.16 y e a r s

p

Q. Two radioactive substances X and Y initially contain equal number of nuclei. X has a half - life of 1 hour and Y has a half - life of 2 hours. After two hours, the ratio of the activity of X to the activity of Y is:-

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