The atom of which of the following elements has only one proton?
Hydrogen
In an atom, the number of protons equals its atomic number.
Hence the atom having atomic number one, i.e., Hydrogen (H), has only one proton. Whereas Helium (He), Sodium (Na), and Neon (Ne) have 2, 11, and 10 protons, respectively, because of their corresponding atomic numbers.
Therefore the correct answer is option (A) Hydrogen.