The boiling points of three components A, B and C of a mixture are $80 ° C$ , $150 ° C$ and $120 ° C$ , respectively. On fractional distillation, which of these components will be obtained at the top of the distillation column?

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Solution

Fractional distillation: It is a process through which the components of crude oil are separated into usable products. The fractional distillation of petroleum is called refining, and it depends on the fact that each compound of petroleum has a different boiling temperature.
Explanation: This process is done in a fractionating column with a tall steel tower having perforated (holed) shelves. Petroleum is boiled at a temperature of $400 ° C$ in a furnace, and the vapor then enters the fractionating column from the bottom. As the vapor travels up through condensation, the less volatile fractions return to the lower part of the column, and the more volatile fractions travel up to condense in the upper part.
Reason: The less volatile substances possess low boiling points. Among the mixture of components A, B, and C, component A has the least boiling point of $80 ° C$ and therefore, is obtained at the top of the distillation column.

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The boiling points of three components A, B and C of a mixture are 80°C, 150°C and 120°C, respectively. On fractional distillation, which of these components will be obtained at the top of the distillation column?

The boiling points of three components A, B and C of a mixture are $80 ° C$ , $150 ° C$ and $120 ° C$ , respectively. On fractional distillation, which of these components will be obtained at the top of the distillation column?