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Nucleophile

The bond angl...

Question

The bond angle in alcohols is slightly less then the tetrahedral angle. It is due to which of the following reasons:

A

Because of the repulsion between the unshared electron pairs of oxygen.

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B

Because of the bond length.

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C

Because of the sp² hybridised state of the carbon attached to the oxygen atom.

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D

Because of the sp hybridised state of the carbon attached to the oxygen atom.

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Solution

The correct option is A
Because of the repulsion between the unshared electron pairs of oxygen.

The bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle. It is due to the repulsion between the unshared electron pairs of oxygen.

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Q. Given below are two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The bond angle in alcohol is slightly more than the tetrahedral angle.

Reason (R): Variation in bond angle of alcohol is due to the repulsion between the unshared electron pair of oxygen.

C - O - H

bond angle in alcohols is slightly less than the tetrahedral angle whereas the

C - O - C

bond angle in ether is slightly greater because:

H C H O

s p^{2} -

hybridised carbon. Reason: The bond angles are changed due to multiple bond

-

bond pair repulsion.

The reactions of phenol with metals, as well as

N a O H

indicates that it is relatively more acidic than alcohol and water. This is explained on the basis of the structure of phenol. The

s p^{2}

hybridized carbon attached to oxygen being more electronegative than

s p^{3}

hybridized carbon of alcohol, decreases the electron density of oxygen. Because of this oxygen, it develops more electron seeking character and releases proton by taking the shared pair of electrons with it. The acidic nature of phenol can also be explained on the basis of resonance stabilization of phenoxide ion.

What is the hybridisation of carbon which is attached to oxygen in phenol?

(C_{6} H_{5} O H)

- O H

group(s) directly attached to

s p^{2}

hybridized carbon atom(s) of an aromatic system.
The carbon- oxygen bond length in phenol is slightly less than that in methanol.
Phenol can be prepared by various means such as through alkali fusion of sulphonates, hydrolysis of diazonium salts etc. Commercially it is prepared from Dow's process.
The ionisation constant of phenol is higher than that of ethanol because:

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