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Oxidising Reagent and Reducing Reagent

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Question

The chemical that is added to reduce the melting point of the reaction mixture during the extration of aluminium is

A

Kaolite

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B

Calamine

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C

Cryolite

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D

Bauxite

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Solution

The correct option is C Cryolite
In the extration of aluminimum by electrolytic process, cryolite is added to reduce the melting temperature of the mixture . The use of cryolite reduces some of the energy costs involved in extracting aluminium .

Pure alumina melts at about $2000^{0} C$ and is a bad conductor of electricity. If fused cryolite and fluorspar is added , the mixture melts at $900^{0} C$ and $A l_{2} O_{3}$ becomes a good conductor of electricity .

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Q. The following is an extract from 'Metals in the Service of Man, Alexander and Street/Pelican 1976':
'Alumina (Aluminium oxide) has a very high melting point of over 2000 C so that it cannot readily be liquefied. However, conversion of alumina to aluminium and oxygen, by electrolysis, can occur when it is dissolved in some other substance'.
(a) Which solution is used to react with bauxite as a first step in obtaining pure aluminium oxide?
(b) The aluminium oxide for the electrolytic extraction of aluminium is obtained by heating aluminium hydroxide. Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(c) Name the element which serves both as anode and the cathode in the extraction of aluminium.
(d) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis.
(e) Give the balanced chemical equation for the reaction which occurs at the anode when aluminium is purified by electrolysis.

Q. The following is an extract from 'Metals in the service of man, Alexander and street / Pelican 1976' : Alumina (aluminium oxide) has a very high melting point of over 2000°C, so that it cannot readily be liquefied. However,conversion of alumina to aluminium and oxygen, by electrolysis, can occur when it is dissolved in some other substance.
(a) Which solution is used to react with bauxite as a first step in obtaining pure aluminium oxide?
(b) The aluminium oxide for the electrolytic extraction of aluminium is obtained by heating aluminium hydroxide. Write the equation for this reaction.
(c) Name the element which serves both as the anode and the cathode in the extraction of aluminium.
(d) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium.
(e) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis.
(f) Give the equation for the reaction that occurs at the anode when aluminium is purified by electrolysis.

Q. Complete the following statement using every given options.
During the extraction of aluminium..............
a. Ingredients and gangue in bauxite.
b. Use of leaching during the concentration of ore.
c. Chemical reaction of transformation of bauxite into alumina by Hall’s process.
d. Heating the aluminium ore with concentrated caustic soda.

Q. In the electrolytic extraction of aluminium, the substance added to reduce the melting point of alumina is .

Q.  Name the substance added for reducing the melting point of alumina during the extraction of aluminium.

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