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Question

The concept that explains why onitrophenol is more volatile than pnitrophenol is .

A
resonance
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B
hyperconjugation
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C
hydrogen bonding
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Solution

The correct option is C hydrogen bonding

In onitrophenol there exists intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the partial positively charged(δ+) hydrogen of phenolic group and partial negatively charged(δ) oxygen of nitro group. Since it involves only a single molecule, the boiling point is lesser and so the compound is highly volatile.


In pnitrophenol, there exists intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the partial positiviely charged(δ+) hydrogen in the phenolic group of one molecule and the partial negatively charged(δ) oxygen in nitro group of another molecule. Since the hydrogen bonding involves multiple molecules, the boiling point is higher and compound is less volatile compared to onitrophenol.

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