Question

The conflict between the Marathas and the Afghans was imminent and inevitable. Discuss.

Answer 1

Instructions:

• Mention Ahmadshah Abdali’s invasion of India.
• Give details about the treaty between the Mughals and.
• Describe the rise of conflicts between the Marathas and the Afghans.

Solution:

• Ahmadshah Abdali launched the invasion of Punjab in 1751 CE for India’s riches. He captured the Mughal Subhas of Kabul, Kandahar, and Peshawar. The Mughals were threatened by Abdali's invasion of Delhi and were compelled to seek the assistance of the Marathas for protection.
• The Mughals and the Marathas entered into a treaty in April 1752. According to this treaty, the Peshwa dispatched the combined forces of the Shinde and Holkars to protect Delhi. Abdali retreated back to his country after knowing the advancement of Marathas to Delhi. The Marathas were thus granted chauthai rights and assigned the duty to recapture the Mughal Subhas from Abdali as per the treaty.
• On the other hand, Abdali desired to bring the region up to Punjab under his control. The Marathas launched several campaigns in north India to fight against Abdali’s invasions. Thus, the conflicts between the Marathas and Abdali intensified and resulted in the historical Third Battle of Panipat.