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How Do We Hear

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Question

The correct path followed by sound waves from external ear to inner ear is

A

Ear drum - basilar membrane - auditory ossicles - fluid of cochlea - hair cells

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B

Ear drum - auditory ossicles - fluid of cochlea - basilar membrane - hair cells

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C

Ear drum - hair cells - auditory ossicles - basilar membrane - fluid of cochlea

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D

Ear drum - fluid of cochlea - auditory ossicles - hair cells - basilar membrane

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Solution

The correct option is D Ear drum - auditory ossicles - fluid of cochlea - basilar membrane - hair cells
Sound waves from the environment enter the external ear and are directed to ear drum (tympanic membrane).
The ear drum vibrates on receiving sound waves and the vibrations are sent to oval window through ear ossicles which are malleus, incus and stapes.
From the oval window, these vibrations are passed onto fluid of cochlea where waves are generated into lymph due to these vibrations.
These waves generate vibrations in the basilar membrane which bend the hair cells and press them against the tectorial membrane.
So, the correct answer is 'Ear drum - auditory ossicles - fluid of cochlea - basilar membrane - hair cells'.

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Q. Assertion :Auditory ossicles are small bones present in the cavity of inner ear. Reason: Auditory ossicles maintain the balance of air pressure between two sides of ear drum.

Q. Assertion :Hair cells on the basilar membrane (the organ of Corti) are responsible for hearing. Reason: Pressure waves, which begin at the oval window, cause the basilar membrane to vibrate, so that the cilia of the hair cells touch the tectorial membrane. This causes the hair cells to initiate nerve impulses, which are carried by the auditory nerve to the brain.

Arrange the following in logical sequence.

Oval window, Tympanum, Cochlea, Auditory canal, Ear ossicles (path through which a vibration of sound is transferred in the human ear).

Q. Following is a list of the events (in a random order) that lead to the formation of an auditory impulse.
(i) Vibration is transferred from the malleus to the incus to the stapes.
(ii) Basilar membrane moves up and down.
(iii) Nerve impulse is transmitted in cochlear nerve to auditory cortex of brain for impulse analysis and recognitions.
(iv) Sound waves pass through ear canal.
(v) Stereocilia of hair cells of organ of Corti rub against tectorial membrane.
(vi) Sound waves cause ear drum to vibrate.
(vii) Nerve impulse is generated.
(viii) Vibrations move from fluid of vestibular canal to the fluid of tympanic canal.
(viii) Vibrations move from fluid of vestibular canal to the fluid of tympanic canal.
(ix) Membrane at oval window vibrates.
Which of the following options represents these events in a correct order?

Q. Match the following and select the correct option.

Column I	Column II
A. Auditory canal	i. Internal ear
B. Cochlea	ii. Middle ear
C. Ear ossicles	iii. External ear

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