Question

The correct statement(s) regarding the following are:

$\left(i\right)HClO\left(ii\right)HCl{O}_2\left(iii\right)HCl{O}_3$ and $\left(iv\right)HCl{O}_4$

• A. the number of $Cl=O$ bonds in $\left(ii\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ together is three
• B. the number of lone pairs of electrons on $Cl$ in $\left(ii\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ together is three
• C. the hybridization of $Cl$ in $\left(iv\right)$ is $s{p}^3$
• D. amongst $\left(i\right)$ to $\left(iv\right)$, the strongest acid is $\left(i\right)$

Answer 1

Answer: (B), (C)

The correct options are
B the number of lone pairs of electrons on $Cl$ in $\left(ii\right)$ and $\left(iii\right)$ together is three
C the hybridization of $Cl$ in $\left(iv\right)$ is $s{p}^3$

The compounds are $\left(i\right)HClO,\left(ii\right)HCl{O}_2,\left(iii\right)HCl{O}_3$ and $\left(iv\right)HCl{O}_4$.
(A) The number of $Cl=O$ bonds in (ii) and (iii) together is not equal to three.
Due to the resonance, each bond is in between single and double bond. Hence, pure double bond is not present.
Hence, the statement (A) is incorrect.
(B) (ii) contains 2 lone pairs of electrons on $Cl$ and (iii) contains 1 lone pair of electrons on $Cl$.
Hence, the number of lone pairs of electrons on $Cl$ in (ii) and (iii) together is $2+1=3$.
Hence, the statement (B) is correct.
(C) The hybridization of $Cl$ in (iv) is $s{p}^3$. There are 4 bonding domains and zero lone pair of electrons.
Hence, the statement (C) is correct.
(D) Amongst (i) to (iv), the strongest acid is (iv)
The decreasing order of the acid strength is $HCl{O}_4>HCl{O}_3>HCl{O}_2>HClO$.
Hence, the statement (D) is incorrect.