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Question
The decreasing order of priority for the following functional groups is :
I. −C≡N II. −CONH2
III. −OH IV. −CHO
The decreasing order of priority for the following functional groups is :
I. −C≡N II. −CONH2
III. −OH IV. −CHO
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Solution
The correct option is A (II) > (I) > (IV) > (III)
The decreasing order of priority of functional group is :1. −CONH22. −CN3. −CHO4. −OH
Priority table of functional groups of organic chemistry
Formula Function Sufix
(main function) Prefix
(secondary function) Example R−O||C−OH Acid -oic acid carboxyl- CH3−COOH
Ethanoic acid R−O||C−O−R′ Ester -yl -oate CH3−COO−CH3
Methyl ethanoate R−O||C−NH2 Amide -amide carboxamido- CH3−CH2−CONH2
Propanamide R−C≡N Nitrile -nitrile
(cyanide) cyano CH3−CN
Ethanenitrile Methyl cyanide R−O||C−H Aldehyde -al oxo- CH3−CH2−CHO
Propanal R−O||C−R′ Ketone -one oxo- CH3−Co−CH3
Propanone R−OH Alcohol -ol hydroxi- CH3−CH2OH
Ethanol R−NH2 Amine -amine amino- CH3−CH2−NH2
Ethylamine R−O−R′ Ether -yl,...yletet axo- CH3−O−CH2−CH3
Ethylmethyleter
(Ref. image) Alkene -ene CH3−CH=CH2
Propene −C=C− Alkyne -yne CH3−C≡CH
Propyne R−NO2 Nitro nitro- CH3−CH2−NO2
Nitroethane R−X Halide fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- CH3−CH2Br
Bromoethane −R Redical yl- CH3−CH3|CH−CH3
Methylpropane
The decreasing order of priority of functional group is :
1. −CONH2
2. −CN
3. −CHO
4. −OH
Priority table of functional groups of organic chemistry
| Formula | Function | Sufix (main function) | Prefix (secondary function) | Example |
| R−O||C−OH | Acid | -oic acid | carboxyl- | CH3−COOH Ethanoic acid |
| R−O||C−O−R′ | Ester | -yl -oate | CH3−COO−CH3 Methyl ethanoate | |
| R−O||C−NH2 | Amide | -amide | carboxamido- | CH3−CH2−CONH2 Propanamide |
| R−C≡N | Nitrile | -nitrile (cyanide) | cyano | CH3−CN Ethanenitrile Methyl cyanide |
| R−O||C−H | Aldehyde | -al | oxo- | CH3−CH2−CHO Propanal |
| R−O||C−R′ | Ketone | -one | oxo- | CH3−Co−CH3 Propanone |
| R−OH | Alcohol | -ol | hydroxi- | CH3−CH2OH Ethanol |
| R−NH2 | Amine | -amine | amino- | CH3−CH2−NH2 Ethylamine |
| R−O−R′ | Ether | -yl,...yletet | axo- | CH3−O−CH2−CH3 Ethylmethyleter |
| (Ref. image) | Alkene | -ene | CH3−CH=CH2 Propene | |
| −C=C− | Alkyne | -yne | CH3−C≡CH Propyne | |
| R−NO2 | Nitro | nitro- | CH3−CH2−NO2 Nitroethane | |
| R−X | Halide | fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, iodo- | CH3−CH2Br Bromoethane | |
| −R | Redical | yl- | CH3−CH3|CH−CH3 Methylpropane |
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