Question

The diagram given below is that of the human female reproductive system. Study the diagram and then answer the questions that follow:

1. Label the parts labeled A to D in the diagram.
2. Mention any two functions of the part labeled D in the diagram.
3. What is the second name of the part labeled A in the diagram?

Answer 1

1. Labeling of parts A to D

1. A: Vagina is a tubular female copulatory organ that also acts as a birth canal and passageway for menstrual flow.
2. B: Uterus is an inverted pear-shaped organ that opens into the vagina through a narrow cervix. The uterine wall is made up of three layers- perimetrium, myometrium, and endometrium. Uterus is the site of implantation of embryo.
3. C: Fallopian tube or oviducts extend from the edge of each ovary to the uterus. The part of the tube that is closer to the ovary is known as the infundibulum and receives the egg from ovulation. The edges of the infundibulum have finger-like projections called fimbriae.
4. D: Ovaries are the primary sex organs that are located on each side of the lower abdomen.

Figure: Female reproductive system

2. Functions of part D:

1. The main function of the ovaries is the production of the ovum.
2. They secrete two hormones called estrogen and progesterone.
3. Estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle and also helps in the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
4. Progesterone helps in the development of the uterine lining to receive and nourish the embryo.

3. Second name of part A:

1. The second name of the vagina is the birth canal.
2. The vagina connects the uterus to the external genitalia. It also stretches multiple times its normal size to provide a passage for delivering the baby.