The diagram given below show the cross section of two kinds of blood vessels:
i) Identify the blood vessels A and B. In each case give a reason to support your answer.
ii) Name the parts numbered 1 and 2
iii) When are the sound "LUB" and "DUP" produced during a heartbeat?
iv) Name the blood vessel that:
1. Begins and ends in capillaries
2. Supplies blood to the walls of the heart.

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Solution

(i) A: Artery; B: Vein; Arteries are the thick-walled blood vessels with narrow lumen while veins have thin walls and wide lumen.
(ii) 1: Endothelium; 2: Lumen
(iii) Contraction of ventricles and closure of atrioventricular valves produces "LUB" sound while relaxation of ventricles and closure of semilunar valves produces the second heart sound, “DUP".
(iv) 1: Hepatic portal Vein
2: Coronary artery

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