Question

The diagram represents a single nephron from a mammalian kidney. Identify which of the numbered regions is
I. The site of ultrafiltration.
II. Particularly sensitive to ADH.
III.The main site for the reaborption of glucose and amino acid.
IV. Largely responsible for the adjustment of blood pH.

(correct answer + 1, wrong answer - 0.25)

• A. I -A, II - E, III - C, IV – D
• B. I -A, II - B, III- C, IV – D
• C. I -A, II - B, III - C, IV- E
• D. I -A, II - B, III - D, IV- E

Answer 1

The correct option is A I -A, II - E, III - C, IV – D

Glomerulus (capillaries from afferent areteriole, a branch of renal artery) along with Bowman’s capsule (cup-like structure in nephron), is called the Malpighian body or renal corpuscle or Malpighian corpuscles where ultrafiltration takes place (A).

A considerable amount of water is reabsorbed in the collecting duct under the influence of ADH which stands for Anti Diuretic Hormone (E).

Glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into proximal convoluted tubule by active transportation (C).

DCT is capable of reabsorption of bicarbonate and selective secretion of hydrogen, potassium ions and ammonia to maintain the pH and sodium-potassium balance in blood (D).