Question

The e.m.f. of a cell is defined as the energy spent (or the work done) per unit charge in taking a positive test charge around the complete circuit of the cell (i.e., in the circuit outside the cell as well as in the electrolyte inside the cell).

Answer 1

The electromotive force (e) or e.m.f. is the energy provided by a cell or battery per coulomb of charge passing through it, it is measured in volts (V). It is equal to the potential difference across the terminals of the cell when no current is flowing.