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Question

The eclipse achieves totality only in limited geographical regions because _______________________.

A
size of the shadow of the moon on the earth is small compared to the cross-section of the earth
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B
earth is not a smooth flat surface, but has elevations and depressions
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C
trajectories of the earth around the sun and the moon around the earth are not perfect circles
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D
sun rays can reach most of peripheral regions of the shadow of the moon due to atmospheric refraction
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Solution

The correct option is A size of the shadow of the moon on the earth is small compared to the cross-section of the earth
  • Size of the moon is roughly one-fourth of the size of earth, thus the moon casts a smaller shadow which falls upon a limited portion of the earth. Thus solar eclipse achieves totality only in a limited portion on Earth. Hence option A is correct.
  • Though it is true that earth is not a smooth surface but it does not contribute significantly to the limited totality of the solar eclipse, hence option B is incorrect.

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