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Enzymes and Inorganic Catalysts

The efficienc...

Question

The efficiency of an enzyme to catalyse a reaction is due to its capacity to:

A

reduce the activation energy of the reaction

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B

form strong enzyme-substrate complex

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C

decrease the bond energy of all substrate molecules

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D

increase the free energy of the catalyst-substrate reaction

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Solution

The correct option is A reduce the activation energy of the reaction
Enzymes bind the substrate and hold it in such a way that allows the reaction to happen in an efficient manner. This lowers down the amount of energy required for the reaction to occur, i.e, the activation energy, as a result of which the rate of the reaction is increased significantly.

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Q. Arrange the steps of catalytic action of an enzyme in order and choose the right option.

(i)

Enzyme releases products of reaction and the enzyme is free to bind to another substrate.

(i i)

Active site of enzyme is in close proximity of substrate and breaks the chemical bonds of substrate.

(i i i)

Binding of substrate induces enzyme to alter its shape fitting more tightly around substrate.

(i v)

Substrate binds to active site of enzyme fitting into active site.

Q. Assertion :Enzymes lower down the activation energy of the reactant molecule to make its transition into product easier. Reason: Enzymes are highly substrate specific catalysts.

Refer to the given graph showing the relationship between temperature and enzyme action.

Select the correct statement regarding 'A' and 'B'.
(i) 'A' shows' rate at which reaction decreases due to denaturation of enzyme molecules.
(ii) 'B' shows the rate at which reaction increases due to decreased kinetic energy of the substrate.
(iii) As temperature rises, more and more enzyme molecules are denatured and 'A' appears to fall.
(iv) 'B' shows the rate at which reaction increases due to an increased kinetic energy of substrate and enzyme molecules.

Q. Assertion :Enzymes lower the activation energy of the reactant molecule to make its transition into product easier. Reason: Enzymes are highly substrate specific.

Q. The catalytic cycle of an enzyme action can be described by the steps given below:

(A) The active site of enzyme, now in close proximity of the substrate, breaks the chemical bonds of the substrate and the new enzyme-product complex is formed.
(B) The binding of the substrate induces the enzymes to alter its shape, fitting more tighty around the substrate.
(C) The substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, fitting into the active site.
(D) The enzyme releases the products of the reaction and the free enzyme is ready to bind to another molecule of the substrate and run through the catalytic cycle once again.

Arrange them in the correct sequence.

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