The elements of group 1 describe, more clearly than any other group of elements, the effects of increasing the size of atoms or ions on the physical and chemical properties. The chemical and physical properties of the elements are closely related to their electronic structures and sizes. These metals are highly electropositive and thus form very strong bases, and have quite stable oxo-salts. In the manufacturing of sodium hydroxide, chlorine and sodium carbonate, the sodium chloride is used as starting material.
Which is not correctly matched?
(1) basic strength of oxides ; $C s_{2} O < R b_{2} O < K_{2} O < N a_{2} O < L i_{2} O$
(2) Stability of peroxides ; $N a_{2} O_{2} < K_{2} O_{2} < R b_{2} O_{2} < C s_{2} O_{2}$
(3) Stability of bicarbonates ; $L i H C O_{3} < N a H C O_{3} < K H C O_{3} < R b H C O_{3} < C s H C O_{3}$
(4) Melting point ; $N a F < N a C I < N a B r < N a I$

1 and 4

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1 and 3

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1 and 2

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Solution

The correct option is A 1 and 4
(A)
Basic strength of the oxides increase in the order $L i_{2} O < N a_{2} O < K_{2} O < R b_{2} O < C s_{2} O$ . The increase in basic strength is due to the decrease in I.E. and increase in electropositive character.

The melting point of the halides decrease in the order $N a F > N a C I > N a B r > N a I$ as the size of the halide ion increases. The decrease in melting point is due to increase the covalent character with increase in the size of anion according to Fajan's rule.

The stability of peroxide or superoxide increases as the size of metal ion increases.
$N a_{2} O_{2} < K_{2} O_{2} < R b_{2} O_{2} < C s_{2} O_{2}$
This is due to the stabilisation of larger anions by larger cations.
The stability of alkali metal bicarbonates increases in the order
$L i H C O_{3} < N a H C O_{3} < K H C O_{3} < R b H C O_{3} < C s H C O_{3}$
With increase in size of the cation, polarising power decreases and hence the stability increases.

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Similar questions

(1) Basic strength of oxides : C s_{2} O < R b_{2} O < N a_{2} O < L i_{2} O

(2) Stability of peroxides : N a_{2} O_{2} < K_{2} O_{2} < R b_{2} O_{2} < C s_{2} O_{2}

(3) Stability of bicarbonates : L i H C O_{3} < N a H C O_{3} < K H C O_{3} < R b H C O_{3} < C s H C O_{3}

(4) Melting point : N a F < N a C l < N a B r < N a I

(1) Basic strength of oxides : C s_{2} O < R b_{2} O < N a_{2} O < L i_{2} O

(2) Stability of peroxides : N a_{2} O_{2} < K_{2} O_{2} < R b_{2} O_{2} < C s_{2} O_{2}

(3) Stability of bicarbonates : L i H C O_{3} < N a H C O_{3} < K H C O_{3} < R b H C O_{3} < C s H C O_{3}

(4) Melting point : N a F < N a C l < N a B r < N a I

\to C s_{2} O < R b_{2} O < K_{2} O < N a_{2} O < L i_{2} O

\to N a_{2} O_{2} < K_{2} O_{2} < R b_{2} O_{2} < C s_{2} O_{2}

\to L i H C O_{3} < N a H C O_{3} < K H C O_{3} < R b H C O_{3} < C s H C O_{3}

\to N a F < N a C l < N a B r < N a I

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