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Question
The experiment to show the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat was carried out by
The experiment to show the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat was carried out by
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Solution
The correct option is B Jean Baptiste Van Helmont
Jan Baptista van Helmont (1577-1644 A.D.) developed the scientific recipe for the generation of mice: one simply needed to wrap wheat kernels and cheese curds in a sweat-soaked shirt and leave the bundle in an open container for 20 days. Twenty days later, as a result of the combination of sweat and wheat, baby mice appeared. The idea of spontaneous generation became very popular and it was the popularity of the idea that kept many prominent scientists from seeing the error of their reasoning. Thus, option B is correct.
Francesco Redi is one of the first to disprove spontaneous generation. He is an Italian doctor who proved maggots came from flies. His experiment did not show the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat. Thus, option A is wrong.
According to Aristotle, things arise from nonliving matter because there is a "vital heat", a pneuma, which is already there, and the proportions of that and the other elements enclosed by the forming structure determine the kind of organism. He is not related to the experiment showing the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat. Thus, option C is wrong.
Louis Pasteur designed an experiment to test whether sterile nutrient broth could spontaneously generate microbial life. To do this, he set up two experiments. In both, Pasteur added nutrient broth to flasks, bent the necks of the flasks into S shapes, and then boiled the broth to kill any existing microbes. After the broth had been sterilized, Pasteur broke off the swan necks from the flasks in Experiment 1, exposing the nutrient broth within them to air from above. The flasks in Experiment 2 were left alone. Over time, dust particles from the air fell into the broken flasks of Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, dust particles remained near the tip of the swan necks, but could not travel against gravity into the flasks, keeping the nutrient broth sterile. The broth in the broken flasks quickly became cloudy--a sign that it teemed with microbial life. However, the broth in the unbroken flasks remained clear. Without the introduction of dust--on which microbes can travel--no life arose. Thus, the Louis Pasteur experiment refuted the notion of spontaneous generation. Thus, option D is wrong.
Jan Baptista van Helmont (1577-1644 A.D.) developed the scientific recipe for the generation of mice: one simply needed to wrap wheat kernels and cheese curds in a sweat-soaked shirt and leave the bundle in an open container for 20 days. Twenty days later, as a result of the combination of sweat and wheat, baby mice appeared. The idea of spontaneous generation became very popular and it was the popularity of the idea that kept many prominent scientists from seeing the error of their reasoning. Thus, option B is correct.
Francesco Redi is one of the first to disprove spontaneous generation. He is an Italian doctor who proved maggots came from flies. His experiment did not show the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat. Thus, option A is wrong.
According to Aristotle, things arise from nonliving matter because there is a "vital heat", a pneuma, which is already there, and the proportions of that and the other elements enclosed by the forming structure determine the kind of organism. He is not related to the experiment showing the production of mice in 21 days from a dirty shirt placed in contact with kernels of wheat. Thus, option C is wrong.
Louis Pasteur designed an experiment to test whether sterile nutrient broth could spontaneously generate microbial life. To do this, he set up two experiments. In both, Pasteur added nutrient broth to flasks, bent the necks of the flasks into S shapes, and then boiled the broth to kill any existing microbes. After the broth had been sterilized, Pasteur broke off the swan necks from the flasks in Experiment 1, exposing the nutrient broth within them to air from above. The flasks in Experiment 2 were left alone. Over time, dust particles from the air fell into the broken flasks of Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, dust particles remained near the tip of the swan necks, but could not travel against gravity into the flasks, keeping the nutrient broth sterile. The broth in the broken flasks quickly became cloudy--a sign that it teemed with microbial life. However, the broth in the unbroken flasks remained clear. Without the introduction of dust--on which microbes can travel--no life arose. Thus, the Louis Pasteur experiment refuted the notion of spontaneous generation. Thus, option D is wrong.
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