The experimental set up show below is to show that
carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide. The chemical, Potassium hydroxide, present at the bottom of the conical flask indicates that this experiment is being carried out to test the requirement of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Potassium hydroxide absorbs the carbon dioxide present in the flask and no external carbon dioxide can enter the flask as it is sealed. Later the leaf is tested for starch as an end product of photosynthesis. The part of leaf present outside the flask only will show the presence of starch.