The explanation for the presence of three unpaired electrons in the nitrogen atom can be given by:

Pauli's exclusion principle

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Hund's rule

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Aufbau's principle

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Uncertainty principle

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Solution

The correct option is B Hund's rule
The explanation for the presence of three unpaired electrons in the nitrogen atom can be given by Hund's rule. According to this rule, electron pairing in any orbital ( $s, p, d$ or $f$ ) cannot take place until each orbital of the same sublevel contains 1 electron. The electronic configuration of $N$ is $1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{3}$ .
$2 p$ orbital has 3 sub-levels each of which will contain one electron. Pairing will occur only if the fourth electron is added.

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