The following diagram shows a part of the periodic table in which the elements are arranged according to their atomic numbers- The letters given here not the chemical symbols of the elements-a b c d e f g h 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 i 11 j 12 1 m n p 18 i Which element has a bigger atom- a or -ii Which element has a higher valency- k or o -iii Which element is more metallic i or k -iv Which element is more non-metallic- d or g -v Select a latter which represents a metal of valency 2 -vi Select a letter which represents a non-metal of valency 2 -

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Question

The following diagram shows a part of the periodic table in which the elements are arranged according to their atomic numbers. (The letters given here not the chemical symbols of the elements):

a
3 b
4 c
5 d
6 e
7 f
8 g
9 h
10

i
11 j
12 k
13 l
14 m
15 n
16
o
17 p
18

(i) Which element has a bigger atom, a or f?
(ii) Which element has a higher valency, k or o?
(iii) Which element is more metallic i or k?
(iv) Which element is more non-metallic, d or g?
(v) Select a latter which represents a metal of valency 2.
(vi) Select a letter which represents a non-metal of valency 2.

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Solution

(i) Element a has a bigger atom. In the periodic table, the atomic radius of the element decreases on moving from left to right in a period.

(ii) k has a higher valency.

Electronic configuration of k : K L M
2 8 3
Therefore, valency for k = valence electron of K = 3

Electronic configuration of o: K L M
2 8 7
Therefore, valency for o = 8 - valence electron of o
= 8 - 7 = 1

(iii) The element i is more metallic because i belongs to the left side and group 1 of the periodic table. On moving from left to right in a period, the metallic character decreases.

(iv) The element g is more non-metallic, because the non-metallic character increases on moving from left to right in a period.

(v) The elements b or j are metals with a valency of 2 as they have 2 valence electrons and are placed on the left side of periodic table.

(vi) The elements f or n are metals with a valency of 2 .

Electronic configuration of f : K L
2 6
Valency of f = 8 - valence electron
= 8 - 6 = 2

Electronic configuration of n : K L M
2 8 6
Valency of n = 8 - valence electron
= 8 - 6 = 2

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