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Question
The functional components of the ecosystems are
a. Productivity
b. Decomposition
c. Nutrient cycling
d. Energy flow
e. Succession
f. Stratification
The functional components of the ecosystems are
a. Productivity
b. Decomposition
c. Nutrient cycling
d. Energy flow
e. Succession
f. Stratification
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Solution
The correct option is A a, b, c and d
Productivity
Productivity of an ecosystem refers to the rate at which organic matter/biomass (total mass of all living organisms of a particular type in a given area at a given time) is produced per unit area. It is an important function of an ecosystem.
Decomposition
One of the major functions of every ecosystem is the decomposition of dead decaying organic matter. The process of decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic materials present in dead remains of plants and animals into simple inorganic compounds.
Nutrient cycling
During nutrient cycling, the nutrients pass from various components of the ecosystem like the biotic organisms (living systems) and the abiotic components (rock, soil, and air). It is an essential function of every ecosystem.
Energy flow
1) The biotic factors in an ecosystem are arranged at different trophic levels at which they obtain their food.
2) Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems. It is trapped and utilised by the photosynthetic producers to prepare food.
3) As organisms of one trophic level feed on another organism of a lower trophic level, energy flows through a food chain in the ecosystem.
4) At each successive trophic level, only 10% of the energy is transferred from a lower to the next higher trophic level in a food chain.
This flow of energy is an essential function of an ecosystem.
Succession
Ecological succession is a steady and gradual change in the composition and structure of biotic communities in an area with a changing environment. It is predictable, sequential, and in accordance with the changing physical environment.
Stratification
Stratification is one of the structural components of an ecosystem. It refers to the vertical distribution of different species at different levels of an ecosystem.
Final answer
(B) a, b, c, and d
Productivity
Productivity of an ecosystem refers to the rate at which organic matter/biomass (total mass of all living organisms of a particular type in a given area at a given time) is produced per unit area. It is an important function of an ecosystem.
Decomposition
One of the major functions of every ecosystem is the decomposition of dead decaying organic matter. The process of decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic materials present in dead remains of plants and animals into simple inorganic compounds.
Nutrient cycling
During nutrient cycling, the nutrients pass from various components of the ecosystem like the biotic organisms (living systems) and the abiotic components (rock, soil, and air). It is an essential function of every ecosystem.
Energy flow
1) The biotic factors in an ecosystem are arranged at different trophic levels at which they obtain their food.
2) Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for all ecosystems. It is trapped and utilised by the photosynthetic producers to prepare food.
3) As organisms of one trophic level feed on another organism of a lower trophic level, energy flows through a food chain in the ecosystem.
4) At each successive trophic level, only 10% of the energy is transferred from a lower to the next higher trophic level in a food chain.
This flow of energy is an essential function of an ecosystem.
Succession
Ecological succession is a steady and gradual change in the composition and structure of biotic communities in an area with a changing environment. It is predictable, sequential, and in accordance with the changing physical environment.
Stratification
Stratification is one of the structural components of an ecosystem. It refers to the vertical distribution of different species at different levels of an ecosystem.
Final answer
(B) a, b, c, and d
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