Question

The functional unit of the kidney is

• A. Neuron
• B. Neuroglia
• C. Nephron
• D. Axon

Answer 1

The correct option is C

Nephron

The correct option is (C):

Explanation of the correct option:

1. Kidneys are the bean-shaped vital organs located on either side of the body and are responsible for the filtration of the blood.
2. Nephrons are the functional unit of the kidneys which look like a tiny funnel attached to a long tube.
3. These funnel-shaped structures have tiny capillaries that filter the waste materials from the blood.
4. Millions of these structures are present in the kidneys.

Explanation of the incorrect options:

Option (A):

1. Neurons are the other name for the nerve cells which are the functional unit of the nervous system and brain.
2. They are responsible for the transmission of electrical signals to the brain and from the brain to the effector organs.

Option (B):

1. Neuroglia are the supporting cells that provide functional and developmental support to the nerve cells.
2. They are also known as glial cells.

Option (D):

1. Axons are thread-like structures present in the neurons which are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses.

Final answer:

The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron.