Question

The functioning of human kidney is efficiently monitored and regulated by hormonal actions of hypothalamus pituitatory, JGA and to a certain extent by heart.
(a) do you agree with this statement.
(b) justify your answer with suitable examples.

Answer 1

Dear student,

The functioning of human kidney is efficiently monitored and regulated by hormonal actions of hypothalamus pituitary, JGA and to a certain extent by heart.

(a) Yes, agree with this statement.
The hypothalamus exerts endocrine effects either directly, in the production and release of vasopressin, or indirectly, through the release of hypothalamic peptides, which reach the anterior pituitary gland to cause the release of pituitary hormones. Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is regulated primarily by body fluid osmolarity. The hormone responsible for the regulatory changes in urine volume and tonicity is ADH (vasopressin).

when glomerular blood flow (or glomerular blood pressure) decreases, it activates juxtaglomerular cells to release renin. Renin converts the angiotensinogen in blood into angiotensin I and further into angiotensin II. angiotensin II also stimulate the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland to produce aldosterone. Aldosterone increase the rate of absorption of sodium ions and water from the distal convulated tubule and the collecting duct. This lead to an increase in blood pressure.

Regards