The gas is cooled and loses 65 J of heat. The gas contracts as it cools and work done on the system equal to 20 J which is exchanged with the surroundings. What are q, w and $Δ E$ ?

q = - 65 J, w = 20 J, Δ E = - 45 J

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q = - 65 J, w = - 20 J, Δ E = - 45 J

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q = 65 J, w = - 20 J, Δ E = 85 J

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None of these

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Solution

The correct option is A $q = - 65 J, w = 20 J, Δ E = - 45 J$
Heat released has negative sigh. Thus, $q = - 65 J$
The work done on the system has a positive sign. $w = + 20 J$
The expression for the change in the internal energy is
$Δ E = q + w = - 65 J + 20 J = - 45 J$

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