The horizontal distribution of trees is studied in
Scarification involves weakening, opening or altering the coat of a seed to encourage the germination. It can be done mechanically, thermally and chemically. This will make the seed coat permeable for water and air, which will help in germination of seeds.
Stratification is the process of pretreating the seed to stimulate natural condition that a seed must endure before germination. It involves soaking and chilling of seeds prior to sowing.
Zonation is the method in which plants and animals are arranged into specific zones according to different parameters such as altitude depth etc.
Speciation is the evolutionary process through which a species evolve into distinct species.
So, the correct answer is ' Zonation '