Question

The hormone that causes gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis are

• A. Aldosterone
• B. Insulin
• C. Glucagon
• D. ACTH

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

Glucagon

A. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex. It maintains the electrolyte balance in the body by reducing the loss of sodium through urine and sweat.

B. Insulin is secreted from the β cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. Insulin acts on hepatocytes and adipocytes and increases the uptake of cellular glucose and its utilisation. This leads to movement of glucose to hepatocytes and adipocytes from the blood, thereby resulting in the decreased blood glucose levels.

C. Glucagon is secreted from alpha cells of islets of Langerhans of pancreas. It increases blood sugar level by stimulating glycogenolysis (i.e. break down of glucose) and gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose).

D. ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) is secreted from anterior lobe of pituitary gland. It increases the flow of blood to adrenal cortex and also increases the concentration of cholesterol and steroids. This result in increased output of steroid hormone cortisol from adrenal cortex.

So, the correct answer is 'Glucagon'.