The human body contains a large number of cells A which are very long and branched, and look like electric wires. The longest branch of this cell is B whereas there are many small branches C. Any two A cells do not join to one another completely in the human body. There is a microscopic gap D between every pair of adjacent A cells through which electric impulses can pass by the release of a chemical substance.
(a) What are cells A?

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Solution

Cells A is neuron.
Neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system that carries the information to and from the brain and spinal cord in the form of electrical impulses.

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The human body contains a large number of cells A which are very long and branched, and look like electric wires. The longest branch of this cell is B whereas there are many small branches C. Any two A cells do not join to one another completely in the human body. There is a microscopic gap D between every pair of adjacent A cells through which electric impulses can pass by the release of a chemical substance.

(a) What are cells A ?

(b) What is the name of (i) branch B, and (ii) branches C ?

(d) What is the function of cells like A in the human body ?

(e) The cells A are of three types. Name the three types.

(a) Why are nerve cells long and have branches ?
(b) What is the other name of a nerve cell ?

Q. The human body contains a large number of cells A which are very long and branched, and look like electric wires. The longest branch of this cell is B whereas there are many small branches C. Any two A cells do not join to one another completely in the human body. There is a microscopic gap D between every pair of adjacent A cells through which electric impulses can pass by the release of a chemical substance.
(c) What is the microscopic gap D known as?

What are the limitations of the nervous system in the human body?
I. The electrical impulses reach only those cells that are connected by the nervous tissue and not each and every cell of the body.
II. Cells cannot continuously create and transmit electrical impulses, once an electrical impulse is generated and transmitted, the cell will take some time to reset its mechanism and create a new electrical impulse.

Consider the following statements. Which of them are true?

1. There are three main parts in a neuron - a cell body, an axon and dendrites.

2. The cytoplasm is thick here and contains granular substances called Nissl's bodies.

3. Branched processes termed dendrites arise from the cell body of a neuron.

4. All neurons have only one axon.

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