The increase in stability and decrease in energy of aromatic compounds is due to :

Localization of

π

electrons

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Delocalization of

σ

electrons

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Localization of

σ

electrons

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Delocalization of

π

electrons

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Solution

The correct option is D Delocalization of $π$ electrons
According to Huckle's rule aromatic compounds are cyclic planar compounds having 4n+2 pi delocalised electrons.

A compound with delocalized electrons is more stable than it would be if all of its electrons were localized.

The extra stability a compound gains from having delocalized electrons is called delocalization energy or resonance energy.

Option D is correct.

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