Question

The Kirchhoff's first law $(\sum i=0)$ and second law $\left(\sum iR=\sum E\right)$, where the symbols have their usual meanings, are respectively based on

• A. Conservation of charge, conservation of energy
• B. Conservation of charge, conservation of momentum
• C. Conservation of energy, conservation of charge
• D. Conservation of momentum, conservation of charge

Answer 1

The correct option is A Conservation of charge, conservation of energy

$\sum i=0$ (Conservation of charge).

Charge can neither be created or destroyed.

$iR=\sum E$ (Conservation of energy).

The total potential around a loop$=0$ or

Drop-in Potential energy=Energy dissipated.

According to Kirchhoff's first law, a junction can act neither as a source of charge nor as a sink of charge. This supports the law of conservation of charge. According to Kirchhoff's second law, the energy per unit charge transferred to the moving charges is equal to the energy per unit charge transferred from them. This supports the law of conservation of energy.