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Question

The major product of the following reaction is :
Phenol+conc.HNO3+conc.H2SO4P

A
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B
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C
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D
No product is formed
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Solution

The correct option is A
OH group on benzene i.e. phenol is an ortho-para directing group, since it increases the electron density at these positions as shown :

so, m-nitrophenol (c) is incorrect.
Between o-nitrophenol and p-nitrphenol:
Major product is (a) o-nitrophenol because it has intramolecular hydrogen bonding as shown, which makes the compound more stable as compared to p-nitrophenol


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