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The major pro...

Question

The major product of the following reaction is :
$Phenol + c o n c . H N O_{3} + c o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} ⟶ P$

A

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B

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C

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D

No product is formed

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Solution

The correct option is A
$- O H$ group on benzene i.e. phenol is an ortho-para directing group, since it increases the electron density at these positions as shown :

so, m-nitrophenol (c) is incorrect.
Between o-nitrophenol and p-nitrphenol:
Major product is (a) o-nitrophenol because it has intramolecular hydrogen bonding as shown, which makes the compound more stable as compared to p-nitrophenol

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