Question

The male and female reproductive organs of several pteridophytes and gymnosperms are comparable to floral structures of angiosperms. Make an attempt to compare the various reproductive parts of pteridophytes and gymnosperms with reproductive structures of angiosperms.

Answer 1

Reproductive part of the plant:

● Pteridophytes and gymnosperms: Fertile leaves or leaf-like structures that bear sporangia are called sporophylls.

● Angiosperms: Sporophylls aggregate as flowers.

Male reproductive part:

● Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms: The male reproductive part is called microsporophyll.

● Angiosperms: Microsporophyll is represented by the stamen which is made up of anther and filament.

Female reproductive part:

● Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms: The female reproductive part is megasporophyll.

● Angiosperms: A carpel is present which is the analogue of megasporophyll.

Location of microsporogenesis:

● Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms: The microsporangia form the haploid male spores.

● Angiosperms: The microsporogenesis happens in the microspore mother cell present in the anther to give rise to male gametophytes.

Location of megasporogenesis:

● Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms: The megasporangia form the haploid female gametophyte.

● Angiosperms: The ovule is the analogue of megasporangia which contains the megaspore mother cell which undergoes megasporogenesis to give rise to the female gametophyte.