The mass of the moon is about $1.2$ % of the mass of the earth. Compared to the gravitational force the earth exerts on the moon, the gravitational force the moon exerts on earth

Is the same

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Is smaller

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Is greater

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Varies with its phase

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Solution

The correct option is A Is the same
Answer is A.
By Newton's Third Law and Newton's Law of Universal gravitation, the gravitational force the Earth exerts on the Moon is exactly the same as the force the Moon exerts on the Earth.
F (Earth) = F (Moon)
However, the tidal forces are not equal - the Moon exerts a greater tidal force because tidal forces result from a difference in force across the object. Because the Earth has a greater diameter, the difference in the lunar force across the Earth will be greater than the difference that the terrestrial force exerts across the lunar diameter.

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The mass of the moon is about 1.2% of the mass of the earth. Compared to the gravitational force the earth exerts on the moon, the gravitational force the moon exerts on earth

The mass of the moon is about $1.2$ % of the mass of the earth. Compared to the gravitational force the earth exerts on the moon, the gravitational force the moon exerts on earth