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Question

The molecular formula of compound A and B are C3H6O2 and C3H8O respectively. A and B respectively belong to homologous series of:

A
Carboxylic acids and Ketones
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B
Carboxylic acids and Alcohols
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C
Alcohols and Ketones
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D
Alcohols and Aldehydes
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Solution

The correct option is B Carboxylic acids and Alcohols
Homologous series is a series of compounds with same functional group. Since oxygen is present as heteroatom in the compounds A and B, the functional groups present can be alcohols, aldehydes, ketones or carboxylic acid. The general formula for homologous series of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid is given in the table below.

Class of compoundsGeneral formulanAlcoholCnH2n+2On=1,2,3...AldehydeCnH2nOn=1,2,3...KetoneCnH2nOn=3,4,5...Carboxylic acidCnH2nO2n=1,2,3....

In compound A and B, three carbon atoms are present. By putting n =3, we obtain molecular formula for alcohol to be C3H8O and carboxylic acid to be C3H6O2. Therefore compound A (C3H6O2) and compound B (C3H8O) belongs to the homologous series of carboxylic acid and alcohol respectively.

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